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The History of Akha people
Akha the people group who exists the way of life, belief, rituals or traditionsfor more than 2,700 years. The history of Akha has not written in
Letters
but the performance through rituals, traditions, tell – a tale, songs
And
chanting in the rituals etc. We are able to divide the Akha History to 5
big periods which are;
The 1st period the Byumq-eu
/
the
period of history had begun with the origin of living –non living things such
as lands, rivers, stone, animal ,plant, air, spirit, substances,
rule
& regulation,law etc. The Akha named the period that “ Zahl”.the history of the period has been in
the ancestor named “ Umq shil
shildi-Umq Mavq Umq Ghahl-Su mil-o”
The 2nd
period of human lives with ghost “ Nehvq Tsawl Tiq gal Jawl-eu”
The period of humanliving with ghost animal and plant can talk to each other .this period has been in the ancestor named “ Sul mil O-Dzoeq Tahq Pahq” human and ghost have one mother called Aqma ma tavq and the name of Aqma ma ma tavq was Tahq Pahq Zaq Yal Aq ma
The 3rd period of separation between human and
ghost “ Nehvq Tsawl ghawq il eu
The
period of separation betewwn human and ghost due to the deadth of
Ag ma ma tavq. The conflict of huamn and ghost .this period has a short time and has been in the the ancestor named Dzoeq Tahq pahq.
The 4th period of moving “ Zaq nyiq Duml gui ga-eu
The
4th period of the moving to the new land the proverb dais that Zaq Nyiq Duml gui ga
–eu which means moving to the South . the period there were 7 couples of
ancestor( 14 persons ) the Akha called Tahq Pahq Shivq Jum Meh Numl causing to
divide of Akha lineage and count ed the
ancestor coming from 7 couples such as Tahq Pahq mahl/ tahq Pahq Ju/ tahq Pahq
Sav/Tahq Pahq Mehl/ tah pahq Coel/ Tahqq Pahq Ghoel/ Tahq Pahq Bul/ tahq Pahq
Moq/tahq Pahq Uv/ and they have moved to
China Burma Laos and Thailand.
The 5th period of Integrated
Akha( present time ) Aq kaq Al boel Tsawl so / ยุคอ่าข่าผสมผสาน
The 5th period of change in way of life
, belief, Religion of the Akha to
adjust
themselves to be suitable to the places
( the countries ) they were moving to live in and the change of the way of life , the decadence of
natural resources, the government policy
the spread of new belief and the development which did not get along with locality effecting to
the Akha
has to adjust to be likely the larger group. The way of life is to be integrated. The period is to be held that the Akha has lost body of knowledge, culture, rituals, traditions subjectivity greatly.the period originated in B.E.2440 or around the last 110 years.
Akha Ancestor
The
Akha ethnic group are able to inherit and remeber the late ancestor for mane
period of years to present called Aqkaq Tsuivq
who is the important
due to the ability to find out their relatives and clans wherever they live and including to be consisted in rituals, to calculate on the passing time.
Religion,
Belief and Akha Scripture
he Akha believes that everything has its owner, its spirit which is called
Yaw
Shahl,eventhough Akha has no written
alphabet but we have Tradition and Ritual called Dehvq Zahl ShilZahl to be the
living materials. We have proverb and teaching words called Aqkaq Dawq daq,
we
have rule and law called Zahl and all of
them are originated of the Religion called Akha Zahl which is to be held
as the scripture of Akha tribe with the belief called Nui Jah . The
Nui Jah respects various Gods
such as God of Land , God of water, God of the hills, god of the river etc.and the highest God is called “ Aq Poeq Miq Yehi” to be respected and pray until the present time.
Structure of Akha tribe
Man has
an important role to be inherit of clan
and family . to extend the family is to extend of patrilineal to inherit family
and social system . the oldest man is the head of family who have a decision
and work out to be the leader and to give advise to member of family.
Village culture Structure
Akha community has
a governing position according to the Aqkaq Zahl to administer the community
with the calling name and position as
follows;
Dzoeq
ma position the culture leader
Dzoeq
Zaq “ Assistance culture leader
Civq
ma /Bajiq “ community mechanic
Pil
ma/ Boel mawq position ritual priest
Naq
ngeuq “ information Officer/ negotiator
Nyil
paq “ Shamanism
Qav ma/ Lavq dzaq “ natural Leader.
Akha language
The Akha Language is
arranged to be in the group of Tibetan- Burmese,
No
alphabet to learn so the the rituals arrangement should be by remembrance.
However at present the Akha use english alphabet to be the written Akha.
Countries the Akha live
The Akha reside in the area of
Akha in Thailand
Akha
live in the 7 provinces in the Northern
of Thailand which are chiangRai phayao chiangMai, lampang Phrae, Tak Petchaboon
. At present , the Akha migrate to other provinces to earn for their life such
as Phayao, Nan, Pitsanuloke Kamphangphet
Nakhon Pathom there are around 95,000 persons. Akha can be divided from costume
and speaking Language to 8 groups which are Uq Lol Akha / Law mil Akha / Pal mil Akha/ Puavq akha/ NaqKal Akha/ Aheul Akha/ UqPi
Akha/ a Jawl Akah.
Akha Occupation
In the past
Akha Tribe has an occupation on agriculture produce for livelihood, planting
crops, vegetables, fibre cropping by using integrated agriculture which is one
plot of land they grow not less than 22
kinds of plants differenting from present.the Akha earn in many kinds of
occupations such labour, trade, government official , Ngo with the portion of
60 % are agriculture and 40% are others
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